P032C - Knock Sensor 3 Circuit Low (Bank 1)

P032C is stored when the Engine Control Unit (ECU) detects an abnormally low voltage signal from Knock Sensor 3 on Bank 1. The knock sensor is a piezoelectric sensor that generates an AC voltage signal in response to engine vibrations. The ECU uses this signal to detect pre-ignition (knocking) and retards ignition timing to prevent engine damage. A 'Circuit Low' condition typically indicates a short to ground or an open circuit, causing the signal voltage to fall below the calibrated threshold (often below 0.5V during specific monitoring windows).